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(No Model.) 9- Sheets-Sheet 1.

E. & H. 0. STOGKWELL.

ELECTROMAGNETIC COMBINATION LOCK.

' No. 541,024. Patented June 1-1, 1895.

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' E. & H1 0. STOOKWELL. ELECTROMAGNETIC COMBINATION LOGK.

No. 541,024. Patented June 11, 1 895.

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9 Sheets-Sheet 4. E. & H. C. STOCKWELL.

ELECTROMAGNETIC COMBINATION 1.001;.

No. 5 1L024.

Patented June 11, 1-895.

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(No Model.) 9 Sheets'Sheet 5,

E. 82; H. G.- STOOKWELL. ELECTROMAGNETIC GOMBINATIONLO'GK.

No. 541,024. Patented June 11, 1895.

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B. & H'. 0. STOGKWELL. ELECTROMAGNETIC COMBINATION LOOK. No. 541,024.

Patentad June 11, 1895.

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9 Sheets-Sheet 8.

(No Model.)

E. 8v H. G. STOOKWELL. ELECTROMAGNETIC COMBINATION LOCK.

No. 541,024. Patented June 11, 1895.

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No. 541,021. Patented June 11, 1895.

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a device being provided for each tumbler.

NITEDL STATES PATENT OFFICE.

EMORY STOCKWELL AND HERBERT C. STOCKWELL, OF STAMFORD, CON- NECTICUT, ASSIGNORS TO THE YALE & TOWNE MANUFACTURING COMPANY, OF SAME PLACE.

ELECTROMAGNETIC COMBINATION-LOCK.

SPECIFICATION forming part of Letters Patent No. 541,024, dated June 1 1, 1895.

Application filed August 6, 1894. Serial No. 519.564. (No model.) I

To all whom it may concern:

Be it known that we, EMORY STocKwELL and HERBERT'O. STOCKWELL, citizens of the United States, and residents of Stamford, in the county of Fairi'leld and State of Connecticut, have invented a new and'useful Electromagnetic Combination-Lock, of which the following specification, taken in connection with the accompanying drawings, is a full, clear, and exactdescription.

Our invention relates to improvements in electrically-operated combination locks and especially to the class of locks which is designed to control the operation of independent safe bolt-operating mechanisms.

Our improved lock comprises essentially a suitable fence adapted to control the unlock ing bar or tripping lever, a series of independent tumblers formed with suitablegatings in which the 'fence is adapted to engage, and'a series of independently-operating electric devices for actuating the tumblers, one electric The tumblers preferably consist of spring-pressed sliding bars formed with cross notches for gates and the independent electric devices for operating the tumblers consists preferably of suitable pawl and ratchet mechanisms and solenoid magnets whose movable cores are adapted to actuate said mechanisms. The fence consists preferably of a rectangled lever pivoted to suitable lugs extending up from a suitable supporting plate, and a spring- I pressed dog or detent pivoted to one arm of device for actuating it against the action of' the spring. The independent electric device for actuating it is preferably the same as the independent devices for operating the tumblers. ,W'e also provide spring contacts for the electric circuits which automatically connect with the contact points of the case when the lock is secured in position. We also pronation of the tumblers, which consists essen- I tially of adjustable abutting blocks to limit the movementof the tumblers and screws for adjusting the position of the blocks.

. In someof the electrically-operated looks, it has been attempted to operate different parts of the locking mechanism by a single electrical device. This, while in some ways apparently simple, really introduces com plications and liability to failure, which we have avoided by having an independent electric device to operate each tumbler and another device to operate the unlocking bar. We thus make each device so direct and simple that the liability of its getting out of order is very small. Preferably we have a separate wire to operate each of these electric devices, but this is not essential, as the devices would still be separate and independent if the electricity were conveyed to two or more of them through a single wire and this change could be made without departing from the spirit of our invention.

A further very important feature of our invention is that the mechanism in the lock and inside of the safe or other receptacle is always in circuit, the making or breaking of the circuits for operating the electric devices being accomplishedexterior to said safe or receptacle. As the liability to derangement of electrical devices is perhaps the greatest at the point where the circuit is made or broken, it is obvious that the danger of serious trouble is very much diminished by havingthe'circuit closing device exterior to the safe where it can be readily examined and any trouble remedied.

\Ve prefer to em ploy our im proved look as an accessory to the time-controlled bolt-operating mechanisms. In such mechanisms there is customarily a detent or hook which holds the bolt-operating mechanism in readiness to operate when released through the action of the time lock which is connected with the detent.

We propose to provide suitable mechanism for connecting both the electric lock and time lock with the controlling detent of the automatic bolt-operating mechanism so that the safe will not be thrown open at the time set until the electric lock has been opened and the detent released.

In order that our invention may be fully understood we will first describe the same with reference to the accompanying drawings and afterward point out the novel features with more particularity in the annexed claims.

In said drawings, Figure 1 is a general inside elevation of a safe-door, showing the automatic bolt-operating mechanism under the control of the time-lock and our improved electrically-operated lock. The key board containing the keys which make and break the controlling circuits of the electric lock is also shown. Fig. 1 is adetail elevation showing a modified arrangement for connecting up the time-lock and electric lock with the automatic bolt-operating mechanism. Fig. 2 is an enlarged front elevation of on r improved electromagnetic lock, the door of the case being thrown open and broken off to more clearly show the construction. Fig. 3 is an end elevation of the same,showing the binding-posts for the circuit-Wires and the keyholes which admit the key to thecombination-chauging screws. Fig. 4 is a detail sectional view illustrating the manner of mounting upon a single pivot the two controlling hooks or detents which are respectively controlled by the lock and our improved electromagnetic lock. Fig. 5 is a longitudinal sectional view taken on the line 5 5 of Figs. 2, 3, (i, S, and 9. Fig. 6 is a transverse sectional view of the lock, taken on the line 6 (i of Figs. 2 and 5. Fig. 7 is an underneath perspective view of one of the sliding blocks carrying a working-pawl. Figs. 8 and 9 are end elevations of the opposite ends of the lock, showing the lock-case in section. Fig. 10 is a perspective View of one of the levers which communicates motion from the solenoid-core to the sliding pawl-carrying block. Fig. 11 is a perspective view of a pair of solenoid-cores. Fig. 12 is a front elevation of the lock, having the pawls and operating mechanism removed. Fig. 13 is a top perspective view of the plate which supports the retaining-pawls and the sliding blocks carrying the working-pawls. Fig. lat is a bottom elevation of the same plate, showing the retaining-pawlsin position. Fig. 15 is an end elevation of the set of solenoidmagnets,illustrating the arrangement of circuit-Wires, the lock proper and the springcontacts being removed. Figs. 15 and 15 are detail views of one of the spring-contacts. Fig. 16 is aside elevation of the set of solenoidmagnets. Fig. 17 is a front elevation of the same. Fig. 18 is atop perspective view of the releasing-plate which is adapted to release the tumblers from the fence and the pawls. Fig. 18 is a top perspective view of the sliding block which operates the releasing-plate shown in Fig. 18. Fig. 19 isa detail sectional view of the device for changing the combination of the tumblers. Fig.20 represents in detail side elevation and end view the key for operating the combination-chartging screws. Fig. 21 is a detail perspective view of the rectangled fence-lever and pivoted detentor dog. Fig. 22 is a detail inside elevation of the detent or dog. Fig. 23 is a diagrammatical representation of the solenoid-coils, the battery, and keyboard, showing the electric circuits.

Similar letters and figures of reference indicate the same parts throughout the several views.

The construction of our lock is advanta geous because wemake all the electromagnetic mechanism in one section by itself, and the locking mechanism in a separate section by itself. This facilitates the assembling and taking down of the look when required. \Ve then provide for connecting these two parts by a system of levers, and provide for fastening these levers in place, so that when the mechanism is in the lock case, it is absolutely impossible for any of them to be worked out of adjustment. This we accomplish by providing each lever with a hook at one end, which is inserted in the proper opening in the connecting bar of the solenoid cores, and the other ends of the lovers are provided with forked heads, which engage with the notched heads of the bars of the movable blocks for operating the tumblers. Now the whole system of levers is held in place by one pivot or pin, of such length that when the mechanism is in place, the walls of the lock case prevent the pin from moving a sufficient distance to release any of the levers. The connecting bar and the movable blocks are all held in place by a plate which is screwed overthem. It is obvious, therefore, that when the mechanism is in the lock case all the movable parts are secured in proper adjustment with absolute certainty in a very simple manner.

1 is the lock case of any suitable shape formed with the hinged cover 2 and provided at one end with a series of binding posts which are insulated from the case by suitable non-conducting packing, and are at tached to the series of contacts at located on the inside of the lock case. The contacts 4 are also insulated from the lock case.

5 is a suitable base upon which are mounted a series of pairs of solenoids 6. These solenoids 6 are made in the usual way by winding the proper wire upon the cores 7 which are supported in the end brackets 8 and joined together in pairs by being riveted to the connectingbarsfl. TheendbracketsSaremounted upon the base 5 for securing the solenoids thereto.

11 and 12 are solenoid cores constructed preferably of soft iron and secured together through the connecting bar 13 by being riveted thereto. The ends of the cores are rcduced and inserted in openings in the bar and riveted therein. Each of the connecting bars 13 of the solenoid cores is formed with a rectangular opening let for the purpose which will hereinafter be fully described.

15, 15, &c., are a series of spring tongues cxflange 16 which is secured to the base 5 at one end of the lock by means of-the screws 17. Supported in the upper end of each one of these spring tongues is a contact screw 18 which is insulated from the spring tongue. To the inner end of each of the contact screws 18 is secured a circuit wire 19 by means of the connecting piece 20 which is soldered to the wire and threaded onto the screw. The central spring contact of the series of seven which we will designate as 18", is attached to the return wire 19? shown in Fig. 15, which communicates with all of the return circuits of the independent pairs of solenoids, so that when a circuit is completed by closingacontact at the key-board, which will hereinafter be referred .to, the current will enter the particular wire 1.9,and flow through the solenoid and out through the wire 19 contacts 18 and 4 and wire 19 to the battery 22. The arrangement of wires is clearly shown in Figs. 15, 16 and 23 pf the drawings and will be understood without further explanation.

The object of the spring tongue supports 15 is to provide an automatic means for making a sure contact between the contacts of the lock and the contacts of the lock case. This is accomplished by the spring arms just described, for whenthe lock is inserted in the lock case the contacts 18, resiliently supported by the springs 15, will slide into close contact with the contacts 4 on the insideof the lock case and be held into such. close contact as long as the lock remains in the case.

.R'eferri ng now to the locking mechanism proper, it will be seen that this part. of the mechanism is mounted upon a supporting plate 25 which is secured upon the flanged faces of the brackets 8. The plate 25 is formed with thelongitudinal channels26 for the reception of the tumblers, a channel-27 for the reception of the locking or tripping bar, lugs 28 for supporting the pivoted fence, lugs'29 for supporting the operating levers 'which communicate motion from the movable cores of the solenoids to the-tumbler-operating mechanisms, and other suitable openings and projections for facilitating the supporting and attachment of the several parts of the lock in place and the lock in the lock case.

30 aretumbler bars formed on their upper faces with the ratchet-teeth 31 and the cross notches or gates 32 and in their lower faces with the longitudinal channels 33 in which are supported thesmall spiral springs 34 and the guiding rods 35 and 36 upon which the spiral springs are mounted. The tumblers 30 are adapted to reciprocate in the longitudinal channels 26 with the ends of the guiding rods 35 engaging the end walls of said channels, and the shoulders .on said rods engaging and confining the springs in working position. In

this way the tumblers are yieldingly held in retracted position until moved by the actuating mechanism.

40 is the rectangled fence lever formed with the long body portion and the short arms projecting at right-angles therefrom and pivoted between the integral lugs 28 extending up from the supporting plate 25. Beneath the long body portion are the longitudinal ribs 41 which are adapted to enter the gates 32 of the tumblers when the combination is properly set. Formedintegral with the pivotal extension 42 of one of the short arms is a rearwardly projecting shoulder 43. Hinged to the extension 42 is the dog or detent 44. The adjacent edges of the shoulder 43 and dog44 are formed with abutting shoulders which allow the dog a limited movement independentlyof the fence but enables the fence to lift the dog out of engagement with the unlocking or tripping bar. The construction will be clearly understood from Figs. 21 and 22 of the drawings.

45 is a flat spring secured at its rear end to the shoulder 43 and engaging at its other end with the dog 44 so as to keepit pressed downward with a yielding pressure in order that it willbe constantly in position to engage with the unlocking or tripping bar.

46is the unlocking or tripping bar which is adapted to slide in the longitudinal channel 27 of the supporting plate 25 and is formed on its upper face'with the ratchet-teeth 47 and the notch or gate 48, and on its lower face with the longitudinal channel49 in which are supported the small spiral spring 50 and the guiding rods 51 and 52 upon which the spiral springis mounted. The rod 51 is formed with a shoulder for engaging the spiral spring and confining it in the channel of the bar. When the bar is placed in the channel27 the end of the rod 51 engages the end wall of the It will be observed that the construction of the unlocking or tripping bar 46 is the same as the construction of the tumblers with the exception that it is made considerably longer in order that one end may project through an opening in the lock case in convenient position to be connected with the detent of an automatic bolt operating mechanism. The dog 44 engages the gate 48 forholding the bar in locked position, but when the combination of the tumblers is set and the fence is forced into engagement with the gates, the dog will be lifted out of engagement with the gate 48 of the unlocking bar 46 and leave said unlocking bar free to be actuated by the operating mechanism for releasing the bolt-operating mechanism, in the manner which will presently be explained.

The independent electrically-operated devices for separately actuating the tumblers and locking bar, are precisely the same and a description of one will suffice for all.

is the releasing plate formed with the rectangular openings 56 having the rear beveled eam-edges 57, the cam block 58 and the beveled cam front edge 59, which are for the purposes presently to be explained.

60 are pins orstuds riveted to a plate 55 and projecting up therefrom.

The plate 55 is adapted to rest above the to mblers and unlocking bar between the guide flanges 61 and 62 which project up from the plate 25, and by means of pins 60 it is connected with the sliding block 80 and is thus properly connected to the pairof restoring solenoids and is also guided for reciprocal motion.

65 is a plate formed with a series of channels 66 for the reception of the sliding blocks 75 and 80, and provided in its underneath face near the rear edge with a series of recesses in which are mounted a series of spring-retaining pawls 69. The pawls 69 are'all mounted upon a single rod 70 which passes through from end to end of the plate 65 and is confined in place by the sides of the lock case so as to prevent any of the pawls getting outof place.

The plate 65 is adapted to rest above the plate 55 on the faces of the projecting flanges of the plate 25, the underneath face of said plate 65 being cut out as shown in Figs. 13 and 14 to fit over the flanges 6 1 and 62 and afford proper space for the operation of the plate 55. When the plate 65 is in position, the retaining pawls 69 engage the ratchetteeth 31 and 47 of the tumblers and unlocking bar by projecting through the openings 56 in the releasing plate.

The purpose of the openings 56 is to allow the pawls 69 to engage the ratchet-teeth of the tumblers and unlocking bar and provide for the simultaneous releasing of the pawls by the movement of the plate 55.

is a sliding block provided in its under face with a longitudinal channel in which is pivotally mounted a spring working pawl 76.

77 is a rectangular projection or flange extending around the channel in the block for the purpose of engaging the rear portion 66 of one of the channels 66 formed in the plate 65. It will be observed that the rear portions 66 of the channels 66 extend entirely through the plate 65 for the purpose of allowing the working pawls to come in contact with the ratchet-teeth of the tumblers and unlocking bar. The rectangular projection or flange 77 works in the portion 66" of the channels and serves to limit the movement of the sliding block 75. Thereis a sliding block 75 carrying a working pawl 76, working in each of the channels 66.

The pawl 76 of each of the blocks 75 is so mounted and adjusted with reference to the slot 66 in the block 65 that when one of the tumblers is moved by said pawl its movement will be stopped absolutely at the end of a single stroke, by reason of the pawl coming into engagement with the end X of the slot 66 and being held thereby firmly against the tumbler, as shown in Fig. 5. By this arrangement the tumbler is held absolutely from moving more than one tooth at a time, for the pivot of the pawl is so much higher than its working point that said pointis wedged down upon the tumbler by its engagement with the end of the slot. If it were not for this absolute stop the impetus of the tumbler might cause it to move more than one tooth, by reason of the lifting of the pawl. As itis, however, the pawl is held from jumping, and the tumbler from moving more than a single stroke.

The channel 66 is cut clear through the plate 65 from end to end and is adapted to receive a block 80 which is formed with perforations 81 which fit over the pins 60 which project up through the opening 66*. This block is for the purpose of operating the re leasing plate 55.

72 is a plate fitting over the sliding blocks for holding them securely in place, and 73 is a spring tongue secured to said plate and projecting out and engaging the fence lever 40 for actuating it.

Each of the blocks 75 and 80 hasa forwardly projecting rod or extension 75 or 80 as the case may be, upon which is mounted a small spiral spring 85 which engages at one end with the enlarged portion of the block and at the other end with the flange 86 of the supporting plate, collars 87 being interposed to engage with the flange. The flange S6 is slotted at 88 for the passage of the rod extensions 75 and. 80.

90 are a series of pivoted levers, pivoted between the lugs 29 of the plate 25 upon a rod 91 which extends through all of the lugs and levers. Each of the levers 90 is formed with a bifurcated upper end 90 and a lower rectangular hook portion 90". The edges of the bifurcated portions of the upper end of the lever are curved or rounded and the bifurcated ends of the lever engage the headed rod extensions of the sliding blocks as clearly shownin thedrawings. The rectangular hook portions 90 of the levers engage in the rectangular openings 14 of the connecting bars 13 which connect the solenoid cores in pairs, so that the movement of the solenoid cores by reason of the electrical impulses causes one of the levers 90 to rock on its pivot which will impart a reciprocating movement to one of the siding blocks carrying a working pawl, the sliding block and solenoid core being immediately returned to the normal position, when the circuit is broken and the electric impulse ceases, by means of their controlling spring 85. This reciprocation of the sliding block will move one of the tumblers one step forward against the action of its spring by reason of the engagement of the working pawl in moving forward and the engagement of the retaining pawl for preventing the tumbler from moving backward. The same rethe action of the electric device it will be seen that the bevel edges 59 will engage the working pawls 76, the edges .57 will engage.

the retaining pawls 69, and the cam block 58 will engage the central bar of the fence lever,

. and all of these parts will be simultaneously from the pawls.

raised out of engagement with the tumblers so as to allow the tumblers to be forced back into normal position by their actuating springs. The pivot rod 91 is of such length that when the lock is in place in the casethe pivot rod will be held against endwise movement by, the walls of the case andthe mechanism thereby prevented from becoming displaced. I

We will now proceed to describe the mchanism for changing the combination of the tumblers; It will be observed that by the operating mechanism which has just been described, each tumbler is moved forwardbut one step for each impulse sent through its controlling magnet, and consequently the number of impulses necessary to move the gate of each tumbler up into proper alignment for setting the combination, depends upon the distance of the gate from the line of combination. Our means for changing'the combination is-based upon this fact, and. to accomplish our object we provide suitable adjustable abutments for arrestingthe movement of the tumblers when they are released These abutments can be adjusted either toward or from the line of combination and hence arrest the backward movement of the pawls at any point.

100 are the adj ustable abutting blocks supported in the channels 26' of the plate 25 and formed with screw-threaded openings through them.

101 isa threaded screw engaging the threaded opening of the abutting block 100 and projecting looselyinto the longitudinal bore 102 in the tumbler to allow for the movement of the tumbler and the proper length of screw. The adjusting screw lOlis formed with an enlarged flanged head 103 which rotates in the bearing block 104; which is provided with a removable bushing 105 which is tightened upon screw head 103 by the set screw 106, so that the adjusting screw 101 will not turn by being jarred. Said set screw 106 should be turned back slightly to loosen the bushing 105 when the combination is to be changed, and afterward tightened for holding the combination. The removable collar 105 receives the wear of the head of the screw and its pressure upon the head can be regulated at will by the set-screw.

107 is a square or other key-head formed on the adjusting screw for the engagement of a suitable key 108. 109 are key-holes in the end wall of the lock case for admitting the key 108 to the adjusting screws. The keyholes are of such shape that the key cannot be taken out after it is inserted and turned unless by returning it to the position in which it was inserted and rotating it one or more complete revolutions, either forward or back. The reason for this is, that the pitch of the adjusting screw and the pitch of the ratchet teethof the tumblers are exactly the same or they bear a fixed relation, so one full revolution of the screw in either direction will move the tumbler forward or back adistance equaling one tooth of the tumbler, which is the distance the tumblertravels at each step of the actuatin mechanism. It will therefore be observetfthat the combination of the lock can be changed to any desired number of combinations as there arefour tumblers and each tumbler is capable of assuming a large nu mber of different positions. 114 are large screws for fastening thelock in the case 1.

In Fig. 1 ot' the drawings we have shown our improved electrically-operated combina- .tion lock applied to a safe door in combination with a time-controlled automatic bolt-operating mechanism.

110 and 111 are the detents which control the automatic bolt-operating mechanism, the detent 110 being attached to the time look while the detent 111 is attached to the trip ping bar 46 of our improved electrically-operated lock. These detents can be mounted on the same stud as shown in Fig. at. When the proper time arrives for the safe door to be opened, the detent -will be tripped by the time look. When the proper officer for opening the safe arrives he will find the timelock mechanism thrown oflz' and all that remains to be done is to unlock our improved electrically-operated look when the safe door will be thrown open. This combination is quite important for the reason that' it not only insures the safety of the time-lock but renders it impossible to open the safe even at the proper time unless the combination of the electrically-controlled lock is known.

In Fig. 1 we have shown an alternate mode of connecting the time-lock and electric lock with the unlocking lever or detent of the automatic bolt operating device. This plan consists in locking or dogging the unlocking bar 46 of the electric lock by means of a spring A, which is fastened to the pocket on the time lock by means of the screws as shown, and which, when in the locked position, engages with a shoulder or projection A on the unlocking bar. When the time lock unlocks, the levers will go in the direction of the arrow and ride up on the projection B of the spring and force the spring out of engageunlocking bar will of course unlock the hook lever of the automatic bolt operating device. This makes a simpler arrangement and does away with the necessity of duplicating any of the levers of the automatic bolt operating device, the actual unlocking being done by the electric lock, and that in turn being dogged by the time lock.

Our invention will be clear from the above description and the drawings referred to so that a short statement of operation will suffice'.

The key-board 115 shown in Fig. 1 is provided with six keys to correspond with the four tumblers, the locking bar and the releasing device, and seven binding posts, six of which are connected with the wires 19 leading to the binding posts 3 on the front of the lock case, and the seventh one of which is connected to the battery return wire 1W for all of the six circuits. See Fig. 23. These binding posts correspond with those on the front of the lock case. After the controlling time lock'has released the detent of the automatic bolt-operating mechanism it becomes necessary to open our electrically controlled lock. The operator takes his place at the key board and bypressing the keys a certain num ber of times he sends over each circuit which controls the tumblers, a sufficient number of impulses to actuate the pawl and ratchet mechanisms the required number of times for bringing all of the tumblers in combination. \Vhen the tumblers assume the proper combination the spring which is constantly pressing down on the fence-lever, will force it into engagement with the tu mblers and the dog will be released from engagement with the tripping bar. The tripping bar being released a sufficient number of impulses is sent over its controlling circuit for moving it up far enough to trip the lever detent which is controlling the automatic bolt operating mechanism. \Vhen this detent is tripped the automatic mechanism will be thrown into operation and the safe door will be unlocked.

Should a mistake he made in working out the combination of the safe, it is only necessary to send a single impulse over the circuit controlling the releasing device which releases all of the tumblers and allows them to spring back to their normal position when the operation can be started anew.

Having thus fully described our invention, the following is what we claim as new therein and desire to secure by Letters Patent:

1. In an electric combination lock, the combination of a fence, a series of independently operated tumblers adapted to control the fence, an independent electric device for separately operating each of the tumblers, and means for operating said electric devices, substantially as set forth.

2. In an electric combination lock, the combination of the unlocking bar, the fence adapted to control said bar, a series of tumblers adapted to control the. fence, and a series of independent electric devices adapted to separately actuate the tumblers, substantially as set forth.

3. In an electric combination lock, the combination of the unlocking bar, the fence adapted to control said bar, a series of tumblers adapted to control the fence, a series of independent electric devices for operating the tumblers, and an electric device adapted to operate the unlocking bar when it. is released by the fence, substantially as set forth.

4:. In an electriccombination lock, the combination of aseries of sliding tumblers formed with gates, independent electric devices for actuating the sliding tumblers, a sliding unlocking bar also formed with a gate or notch, an independent electric device for operating the unlocking bar, and a fence pivoted adjacent to the tumblers and unlocking bar and adapted to engage the gate of the latter while the combination is disturbed, and enter the gates of the tumblers and release the unlocking bar when the combination is set,substautially as set forth.

5. In an electric combination lock, the combination of a fence, a series of independentlyoperating tumblers adapted to control the fence, a series of separate and independent pawl and ratchet mechanisms for separately operating the independent tumblers, and a series of independent electric devices for actuating the pawl and ratchet mechanisms, substantially as set forth.

6. In an electric combination lock, the combination of a fence, a series of independentlyoperating tumblers. adapted to control the fenceand each formed with a series of ratchettceth, a stationary retaining pawl engaging the ratchet teeth of each tumbler, a movable actuating pawl also engaging the teeth of each tumbler, and suitable electric devices for actuating the movable pawls, substantially as set forth.

7. In an electric combination lock, the combination of a fence, a series of independent tumblers adapted to control the fence and each formed with a series of ratchet-teeth, springs for holding the tumblers in normal position, a stationary retaining pawl engaging the ratchet-teeth of each tumbler, a movable actuati'ng pawl also engaging the teeth of each tumbler, and suitable electric devices for actuating each movable paw], substantially as set forth.

8. In an electric combination lock, the combination of a fence, a series of independent; tumblers controlling the fence and formed with ratchet-teeth, springs for restoring the tumblers to normal position, a series of independent retaining pawls engaging the tumblers, a series of movable blocks carrying actuating pawls which also engage said tumblers, springs for holding said blocks in normal position, and a series of independent electric devices for actuating said blocks for shifting the tumblers, substantially as set forth.

9. In an electric combination lock, the combination of the tumblers and tumbler-setting bler-setting devices, so that the tumblers are free to return to their normal position, sub stantially as set forth.

10. In an electric combination lock, the combination of a fence, a series of independent tumblers controlling the fence, springs for restoring the tumblers to normal position, suitable pawl and ratchet mechanisms for actuating thetumblers, independent electric devices for operating the pawl and ratchet mechanisms, and suitable means for disengaging the pawls for allowing the tumblers to return to normal position, substantially as set forth.

11. In an electric combination lock, the co m-. bination of a fence, a series of gated tumblers adapted to control the fence, springs for restoring the tumblers to normal position, ratchets on the tumblers, pawls engaging the ratchets foractuating the tumblers,independent electric devices for actuating the pawls, and suitable means for simult'aneously'disengaging the pawls from the ratchets and the fence fromthe gates of the tumblers for releasing the tumblers and allowing them to return to their normal position, substantially as set forth.

12. In an electric combination lock, the combination of a fence, the independent tumblers controlling the fence and formed with ratchet-teeth, springs for restoring the tumblers normally to retracted position, stationary retaining pawls and movable actuating pawls engaging said ratchet-teeth,independent electric devices for actuating the movable pawls, and a sliding plate which is adapted to come in contact with and disengage the pawls and fence from the tumblers, substantially as set forth. I

13. In an electric combination lock, the combination of a fence, a series of tumblers controlling the fence and formed with ratchetteeth, springs for restoring the tumblers to normal retracted position, retaining and working pawls engaging the ratchet-teeth, a plate working between the tumblers and the pawls and fence and formed with inclined cam-faces which are adapted to engage the pawls and fence and release the tumblers therefrom, and independent electric devices for actuating the working pawls and releasing plate, substantially as set forth.

14:. In an electric combination lock, the combination of a fence, a series of sliding pawls adapted to operate beneath the fence and formed with gates in which the fence engages, springs for returning the tumblers to their normal position, ratchet-teeth on the tumblers, retaining and working pawls supported above the tumblers and adapted to engage with the ratchet-teeth, a sliding plate working between the pawls and fence and the tumblers and formed with shoulderswhich are adapted to engage the pawls and fence and release the tumblers from them, and independent electric devices adapted to actuate the working pawls and releasing plate, substantially as set forth. 1

15. In an electriccombination lock, the combination of. a fence, a series of tumblers working adjacent to the fence and formed with gates in which the fence may engage, ratchetteeth on the tumblers, working-and retaining pawls engaging the ratchet-teeth, independent electric devices for actuating the working pawls, a releasing plate adapted to disengage thepawls and fence from the tumblers,asliding block attached to said releasing plate, a spring-for holding it in normally retracted position, and an independent electric device adapted to actuate said block for releasing the tumblers, substantially as set forth.

16. In an electric combination lock, the combination ofthe fence, the unlocking bar controlled by the fence, the pawl and ratchet mechanisms for actuating the tumblers and unlocking bar, the independent electric devices for operating the pawl and ratchet mechanisms, and a releasing device for disengaging the pawls and fence from the tumblers and unlocking bar, said releasing device comprisinga suitable plate supported between the pawls and fence and the tumblers and unlocking bar and formed with openings for embracing some of the pawls, and edges or shoulders which are adapted to engage the pawls and fence, substantially as set forth.

, 17. In an electric combination lock,the combination of the fence, the tumblers controlling the fence, the unlocking bar controlledby the fence, the pawl and ratchet mechanisms for actuating the tumblers and unlocking bar, the springs for returning the tumblers and unlocking bar to normal position, the releas ing plate adapted to disengage the pawls and fencefrom the tumblers and unlocking bar, the pins projecting up from said plate, the per-. forated block fitting over said pins, a spring for holding the block and plate normally in retracted position, and independent electric devices for actuating the pawl and ratchet mechanisms and the releasing plate, substantially as set forth. a

18. In a magneto-electric combination lock, the combination of a fence, a series of independent tumblers controlling the fence, and a series of independent solenoids adapted to actuate the independent tumblers, substantially as set forth.

19. In a magneto-electric combination lock, the combination of a fence, a series of independent tumblers adapted to control thefence, suitable pawl and ratchet mechanisms for actuating the tumblers and a series of independent solenoids whose movable cores are adapted to actuate the pawl and ratchet mech anisms, substantially as set forth.

20. In a magneto-electric combination lock, thecombination of the locking devices, the electro-magnetic actuating devices, and the system of operating levers connecting the magnetic devices and locking devices; said lockin g devices and electromagnetic devices being arranged or built up'in independent sections suitably secured together, substantially as and for the purpose set forth.

21. In a magneto'electric combination lock, the combination of a fence, a series of independent tumblers controlling the fence, the independent electromagnetic actuating devices for separately operating the tumblers, and the system of independent operating levers connecting the magnetic devices with the tumblers; thelocking devices, comprising the fence and tumblers, and the electromagnetic devices being arranged or built up in independent sections which are suitably secured together, and the system of levers extending between them, substantially as and for the purpose set forth.

22. In an electro-magnetic com bination lock, the combination of the locking mechanism, the electromagnetic actuating devices, the system of levers operatively connecting the electro-magnetic devices and the locking mechanism, a lock case, and a connecting pin or pivot supporting said levers and secured against removal by the walls of the lock case, substantially as described.

23. In an electric lock, the combination of the locking mechanism, and the electro-magnetic actuating mechanism, with a pivoted lever connecting the magnetic and locking mechanisms, and provided at one end with a hook and at the other end with a forked head, substantially as and for the purpose set forth.

24. In a magneto-electric combination lock, the combination of a fence, a series of independent tumblers adapted to control the fence, ratchet-teeth formed on the tumblers, working and retaining pawls engaging the ratchet-teeth, a series of independent solenoids having movable cores, and pivoted levers engaging the movable cores and adapted to actuate the working pawls, substantially as set forth.

25. In a magneto-electric combination lock, the combination of a fence, a series of independent tumblers controlling the fence, ratchet-teeth formed on the tumblers, independent retaining and working pawls engaging the ratchet-teeth sliding blocks carrying the working pawls, springs for holding the sliding blocks normally retracted, independent solenoids having movable cores, and pivoted levers having lower hook ends engaging the solenoid cores and upper bifurcated ends engaging the headed extensions of the sliding blocks, substantially as set forth.

26. In a magneto-electric combination lock, the combination of a fence, a series of tumblers controlling the fence, ratchet teeth formed on the tumblers, independent retaining and working pawls engaging the ratchetteeth, sliding blocks carrying the working pawls, headed extensions formed on the sliding blocks, springs surrounding the extensions and confined by a flange of the supporting frame, independent pairs of solenoids having their movable cores secured together by a bar, an opening through said bar, pivoted levers formed with hooked lower ends which engage in the openings of the bars which join the cores, and rounded bifurcated upper ends which engage the headed extensions of the sliding blocks, substantially as set forth.

27. In a magneto-electric combination lock, the combination of the fence, the independent tumblers controlling the fence, the unlocking bar controlled by the fence,tumbler and fen cereleasing mechanism, independent pawl and ratchet mechanisms for actuating the tumblers, unlocking bar and releasing mechanism, and independent electric devices for actuating the pawl and ratchet mechanisms; the electric operating device for the unlocking bar being stronger than the other electric devices, substantially as set forth.

28. Ina magneto-electric combination lock, the combination of a fence, a series of tumblers controlling the fence, pawl and ratchet mechanisms for actuating the tumblers, independent solenoids whose movable cores are adapted to operate the pawl and ratchet mechanisms, independent circuits including the solenoids, and a suitable set of contacts controlling said circuits, whereby the tumblers may be moved at will, substantially as set forth.

29. In an electric combination lock, the com bination of a fence, a series of independently operated tumblers adapted to control the fence, an independent electric device for separately operating each of the tumblers; the independent electric devices being always in circuit upon the inside of the safe or other receptacle, and an independent circuit maker and breaker for each independent electric device exterior to the safe substantially as set forth.

30. In an electric lock, the combination of a lock case having a series of electrical contacts, with an electrically-operated lock provided with a series of resiliently-Snpported contacts which correspond in position and number with the contacts of the lock case and are adapted to make electric connection therewith when the lock is placed in position in the case, substantially as set forth.

31. In an electric lock, the combination of a lock case having a series of insulated electrical contacts, with an electrically-operated lock provided with a series of springs, and a series of insulated contacts supported upon said springs and adapted to spring into electrical contact with the insulated contacts of the case when the lock is secured in position in the case, substantially as set forth.

32. In an electric combination lock, the co mbination of a fence, a series of independent tumblers, pawl and ratchet mechanisms for actuating the tumblers, independent electric devices for operating the pawl and ratchet mechanisms and spiral springs for returning the tumblers to normal position; each of said tumblers being grooved. and provided with rods for guiding the springs and holding them inplace, substantially as set. forth. 33. In an electric combination lock, the combination of a suitable fence, a series of electrically-operated pawls controlling said fence, and an unlocking bar controlled by said fence, said unlocking bar being formed with a notch for engagement of the fence and provided with a spring for holding it in normal position which is supported in a suitable groove in the bar and guided by a suitable rod, substantially as set forth. 4

34-. In an electric combination lock, the combination of a series of independent electrically-operated tumblers, a spring-actuated crank-lever fence provided with a dog or detent, and an electrically-operated unlocking bar formed with a notch in which the dog or detent is adapted to engage, substantially as set forth.

35. In an electric combination lock, the combination of a series of independent electrically-operated tumblers formed with suitable gatings, the pivoted rectangled fence-lever,

the spring dog or detent pivoted to one arm of v the fence-lever and controlled thereby, and

. ried by the fence lever and engaging the dog,

and'an electrically-operated unlocking bar adapted to be engaged by the dog, substantially as set forth.

37. In an electric combination lock, the com bination of a series of tumblers, a rectangled fence-lever controlled by said tumblers, an unlocking bar controlled by said fence, sliding blocks carrying actuating pawls for the tumblers and unlocking bar, electric devices for operating said sliding blocks, and a support ing plate formed with channels for the reception of the tumblers, unlocking bar, and sliding blocks, and lugs for pivotally supporting the fence lever, substantially as set forth.

38. In an electric combination lock, the combination of a series of electrically-operated tumblers, a fence controlled thereby, an unlocking bar controlled by the fence, means for operating the unlocking bar, and a plate for confining the working parts of the lock in place and provided with a spring tongue for engaging and actuating the fence, substantially as set forth.

39. In a combination lock, the combination of a series of spring-pressed tumblers, abut- 40. In a combination lock, the combination of a series of spring-pressedsliding tumblers formed with suitable gatings, means for actuating the tumblers for arranging the gates in combination, and a fence lever controlled by the tumblers, with a series of abutting blocks for limiting the movement of the tumblers, screws engaging said abutting blocks and working in a stationary support, and means for operating the screws for changing the combination of the tumblers, substantially as set forth.

41. In acombination lock, the'combination of a series of spring-pressed sliding tumblers formed with suitable gatings, means for actuating the tumblers, a fence-lever, controlled by the tumblers, a series of abutting blocks for limiting the movement of the tumblers, adjustable combination screws threaded through suitable openings in the blocks and formed with annular abutting flanges, stationary supports having openings for the passage of the screws, removable collars fitting in the openings of the supports around the screws, set-screws engaging the movable coll ars, and means for adjusting the combination screws, for changing the combination of the tumblers, substantially as set forth.

. 42. In a combination lock, the combination of a series of spring-pressed sliding tumblers formed with ratchet-teeth and suitable gatings, suitable pawls adaptedto engage the ratchet-teeth for actuating the tumblers,

'meansfor operating the pawls, a fence controlled by the tumblers, abutting blocks for limiting the movement of the tumblers, adj usting screws engaging the abutting blocks,

and means for operating the screws the pitch of the adjusting screws being the same as the ratchet-teeth, whereby a single rotation of one of the screws will move a tumbler the same distance as a step of the pawl and ratchetmechanism, substantially as set forth.

43. In an electric combination lock, the combination of a tumbler provided with ratchetteeth, an abutting block, a screw engaging said abutting block, said screw being of a IIO pitch the same as, or bearing a fixed ratio to,-

the pitch of the ratchet-teeth, so that a complete revolution of said screwwill always move said abutitng block a distance exactly equal to one or more ratchet-teeth, substantially as described. p

44. In an electric combination lock, the combination of a tumbler provided with ratchetteeth, an abutting block, a screw with a pitch bearing a fixed ratio to the pitch of the ratchetteeth, and a keyhole and key of such shape that the key cannot be removed unless turned to the position in which it was inserted and thereby rotating the screw one or more full revolutions, substantially as described.

45. .In a combination lock, the combination of a series of spring-pressed sliding tumblers formed with ratchet-teeth and suitable gatings, suitable pawls adapted to engage the ratchet-teeth for actuating the tumblers, means for operating the pawls, a fence controlled by the tumblers, abutting blocks for limiting the movement of the tumblers, adjusting screws engaging the blocks and held against movement, squared or key heads formed on the ends of the screws, and keyholes guarding the entrance of the key to the heads of the screws; the pitch of the adjusting screws being the same as the pitch of the ratchet-teeth; whereby a single rotation of one of the screws will move atumbler the same distance as a step of the pawl and ratchet mechanism and the screw cannot be turned less than a revolution, substantially as set forth.

46. The combination of suitable bolt-operating mechanism, a time-lock controlling said bolt-operating mechanism and an electrically-operated look also controlling said boltoperating mechanism; whereby the bolt-operating mechanism cannot operate at the given time until released by the electricallyoperated lock, substantially as set forth.

47. The combination of suitable bolt-operating mechanism, a detent or dog controlling said mechanism, an electrically-operated lock controlling said detent, and a time-lock also controlling said detent and preventing the operation of the automatic bolt operating mechanism until the proper predetermined time arrives, substantially as set forth.

48. The combination of suitable bolt-open ating mechanism, two detents or dogs controlling said mechanism, a time-lock connected with one of said detents or dogs for disengaging it, and an electrically-operated lock connected with the other detent or dog for disengaging it whereby the bolt-operating mechanism cannot operate until both detents or dogs are disengaged, substantially as set forth.

49. In an electro magnetic lock, the combination of a tumbler provided with ratchet teeth, a block provided with a pawl, for engaging said teeth, and a stop for positively confining the movement of the tumbler to prevent its moving more than the proper distance, substantially as set forth.

50. In an electro magnetic lock, the combination of a tumbler provided with ratchet teeth, a pawl for engaging said teeth, and a stop supported in the path of the pawl and adapted to engage it to prevent its jumping and to hold the pawl into engagement with the tumbler to confine the movement of the latter, substantially as set forth.

51. In an electric lock, the combination of the locking mechanism comprising a fence, a series of tumblers and pawl and ratchet mechanism, the electro-magnetic actuating mechanism comprising solenoid magnets and movable cores, and levers connecting the magnetic and locking mechanisms, each of said levers being provided at one end with a book.

EMORY STOOKWELL. HERBERT G. STOCKWELL.

\Vitnesses as to Emory Stockwcll:

SCHUYLER MERRITT, W. J. MARSDEN.

\Vitnesses as to H. G. Stoclrwell:

J. FRANK BROWN, Rosa G. STOCKWELL. 

